A Validated TLC-Densitometric Analysis of Curcumin in Eight Important Zingiberaceae Rhizomes and Their ATR-FTIR Fingerprint Profiles

Kartini, Kartini and Ariyani, Virda Martha and Ang, Windy and Aini, Qurrotul and Jayani, Nikmatul Ikhrom Eka and Oktaviyanti, Nina Dewi and Setiawan, Finna and Azminah, Azminah (2025) A Validated TLC-Densitometric Analysis of Curcumin in Eight Important Zingiberaceae Rhizomes and Their ATR-FTIR Fingerprint Profiles. Food Analytical Methods, 18 (1). pp. 1-15. ISSN 1936-976X

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Abstract

Zingiberaceae family is highly significant, particularly in the food and medicinal sectors. Some of them are characterized by yellow-orange to pale yellow color due to their curcuminoid (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin) content leading to misidentification. Such misidentifications can result in reduced efficacy, compromised safety, and inaccuracies in quality control, highlighting the need for precise differentiation methods. This research aimed to differentiate eight Zingiberaceae rhizomes—Curcuma longa, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuma mangga, Curcuma heyneana, Curcuma zedoaria, Curcuma aeruginosa, Zingiber montanum, and Zingiber aromaticum—using curcuminoid profiles and curcumin content through TLC-densitometry and ATR-FTIR fingerprints combined with chemometrics. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) employed silica gel 60 F254 and chloroform:methanol (40:1, v/v) solvent system, confirming method specificity with identical UV–Vis spectra for standards and samples (λmax = 422 nm). The method demonstrated high linearity (r2 = 0.9655) for curcumin in the range of 200–1400 ng/band, with detection and quantification limits of 199.35 and 604.08 ng/band, respectively, alongside excellent precision and accuracy. Curcuminoids were undetected in C. zedoaria and C. aeruginosa, while the others exhibited varying curcumin concentrations, the highest in C. longa. ATR-FTIR combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) successfully differentiated all eight Zingiberaceae rhizomes as distinct entities. Each rhizome was clearly identified without forming any overlapping clusters. In conclusion, the ATR-FTIR method proved more sensitive than TLC, highlighting the need for multiple analytical approaches to accurately distinguish these rhizomes. These findings provide a critical foundation for improving quality control, ensuring the authenticity of raw materials, and supporting their safe and effective use in both traditional and modern applications.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Authentication; ATR-FTIR fingerprint; Curcuma; Curcuminoids; TLC-fingerprint; Zingiberaceae
Subjects:	R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions:	Faculty of Pharmacy > Department of Pharmacy
Depositing User:	Kartini
Date Deposited:	13 Jan 2025 03:54
Last Modified:	13 Jan 2025 03:54
URI:	http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/id/eprint/47696

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