Psychometric properties of the 18-item Indonesian Mental Toughness Questionnaire using the Rasch model and Machine Learning

Yudiarso, Ananta and Ardhiani, Ista Wirya and Surya, Roy and Watimena, Ferry Yohannes and Kanzaki, Mami (2025) Psychometric properties of the 18-item Indonesian Mental Toughness Questionnaire using the Rasch model and Machine Learning. Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 10 (1). pp. 1-20. ISSN 2502-9363; E-ISSN 12527-7456

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Abstract

The psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the 18-item Mental Toughness Questionnaire (MTQ-18) remain vague. This study uses the Rasch model to elucidate these properties. In addition, boosting classification was adopted to assess the predictive validity of athletes’ achievement. The sample size comprised 400 athletes. According to the Martin-Loef likelihood-ratio test = 482, p = 1.0 and factor analysis of the Rasch residuals, the questionnaire tends to make unidimensional assumptions. The MADaQ3 = 0.074 shows the overall tendency of local independency across all items, with the majority clustered in moderate to low-level measures. Q11, Q15, and Q18 were clearly identified as showing gender bias, with significant effect sizes. According to the boosting classification, the performance between national vs no achievement (F1= 0.7, AUC= 0.56) and international vs no achievement (F1= 0.62, AUC= 0.58) was flagged as unsatisfactory predictive performance. In conclusion, the abridged questionnaire is not preferable for determining an individual’s future performance or achievement. Future studies are needed to develop a better version that is more unimpeded by gender bias, and to resolve the variability of the items.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	differential item functioning; gradient boosting classification; Mental Toughness Questionnaire; rating scale model; Wright Map
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions:	Faculty of Psychology > Department of Psychology
Depositing User:	Ester Sri W. 196039
Date Deposited:	01 Jul 2025 08:22
Last Modified:	01 Jul 2025 08:22
URI:	http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/id/eprint/48817

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