Effect of multi-strain probiotics on enhancing apoptosis in lung cancer cells A549

Gondokesumo, Marisca Evalina and Lesmana, Ronny and Geson, Ge Recta and Anggara, I Gede Yudi and Kirtishanti, Aguslina (2026) Effect of multi-strain probiotics on enhancing apoptosis in lung cancer cells A549. Medical Journal of Malaysia, 81 (1). pp. 115-122. ISSN 1394-195X; E-ISSN 2180-4303

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Abstract

Med J Malaysia Vol 81 No 1 January 2026 115 ABSTRACT Introduction: Apoptosis is an important pathway for regulating cell proliferation and the occurrence of cancers such as lung cancer. The release of Caspase-9 and activation of Caspase-3 influence the process of apoptosis in lung cancer cells, making these proteins markers of apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Multi-strain probiotics show increased benefits due to the combined effects of different strains. The probiotic metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), become important metabolites in lung immunity. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of multi-strain probiotics in increasing apoptosis through increasing Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 expression in A549 cultures. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in vitro using a cytotoxic assay to determine the IC50 value of multi- strain probiotics, followed by an In Cell Western assay to assess Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 expression. Results: The cytotoxic assay IC50 result of the multi-strain probiotic was 58.952 ppm. Based on the result of the cytotoxic assay, the multi-strain probiotic in this study is not toxic to A549 lung cancer cells. In the Cell Western assay results, the multi-strain probiotic at concentrations of 2xIC50 and 0.5xIC50 showed the highest Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 expression, respectively, compared to the control group. Conclusion: Multi-strain probiotics can stimulate the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 proteins in A549 lung cancer.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Caspase-3; Caspase-9; lung cancer; multi-strain probiotics; apoptosis
Subjects:	R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions:	Faculty of Pharmacy > Department of Pharmacy
Depositing User:	Ester Sri W. 196039
Date Deposited:	16 Mar 2026 04:13
Last Modified:	16 Mar 2026 04:13
URI:	http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/id/eprint/50424

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