Engineering antifouling UiO-66-NH₂ mixed matrix membranes for geothermal brine pretreatment: Fouling prediction, techno-economic analysis, and environmental assessment

Mustika, Pra Cipta Buana Wahyu and Yudha, Cornelius Satria and Prayogo, Melisa Christine and Sutrisna, Putu Doddy and Sutijan, Sutijan and Astuti, Widi and Dahnum, Deliana and Razmjou, Amir and Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti (2026) Engineering antifouling UiO-66-NH₂ mixed matrix membranes for geothermal brine pretreatment: Fouling prediction, techno-economic analysis, and environmental assessment. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 93 (111022). ISSN 2214-7144

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Abstract

This study develops polysulfone/UiO-66-NH₂ mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) for silica removal from geothermal brine and evaluates their antifouling behavior, fouling mechanisms, techno-economic feasibility, and environmental implications. Incorporation of UiO-66-NH₂ improved membrane hydrophilicity, decreasing the water contact angle from 80.8◦ to 47.6◦, and increased permeability from 158.94 to 376.03 L m 2 h 1 bar 1. FTIR and XRD confirmed successful UiO-66-NH₂ incorporation, while SEM revealed a well-developed porous structure. The optimized MMM achieved a maximum FRR of 82.94%, showing that backwashing restored flux by reopening pores narrowed by reversible intrapore silica deposition. Hermia-derived modeling confirmed that silica fouling was dominated by internal pore narrowing, rather than surface cake formation. Techno-economic analysis showed that mixed matrix membrane ultrafiltration reduced pretreatment costs to 0.91 and 0.47 USD/ m3 at 100 and 1000 m3/day, respectively, compared with 1.29 and 0.68 USD/m3 for conventional coagu- lation–flocculation–clarification, but remained less cost-efficient than commercial ultrafiltration at 0.80 and 0.43 USD/m3. Both membrane-based routes reduced energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 53–54% relative to conventional treatment, although the mixed-matrix membrane system showed slightly greater impacts than commercial ultrafiltration and increased water consumption by approximately 47–48%. These results reveal a clear trade-off between improved antifouling performance and modest economic, energy, emission, and water-use penalties relative to commercial ultrafiltration.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering
Depositing User:	BAMBANG SEPTIAWAN
Date Deposited:	08 Oct 2026 07:20
Last Modified:	08 Oct 2026 07:20
URI:	http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/id/eprint/51354

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