Sustainability Assessment of Residential Grid-Connected Monocrystalline Module Solar PV Systems in Three Major Cities in Indonesia: A Life Cycle Assessment Perspective

Tarigan, Elieser and Kartikasari, Fitri Dwi and Indrawati, Veronica and Irawati, Fenny (2025) Sustainability Assessment of Residential Grid-Connected Monocrystalline Module Solar PV Systems in Three Major Cities in Indonesia: A Life Cycle Assessment Perspective. Future Cities and Environment, 11. pp. 1-13. ISSN 2363-9075

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Abstract

This work presents a life cycle assessment (LCA) of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems for households in three major cities in Indonesia, i.e., Jakarta, Surabaya, and Medan. The study emphasizes environmental sustainability and energy performance of monocrystalline-type modules. Adopting the previous similar work that employed the IMPACT2002+ and Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) methodologies, the study evaluates multiple environmental effects, such as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, energy payback period time (PBT), and energy return on investment (ROI) for PV systems with capacities of 2 to 15 kWp. It was found that GHG emissions decrease as system capacity increases. The emissions decrease is about 70.89 g CO₂-eq/kWh for smaller systems to 65.06 g CO₂-eq/kWh for larger systems. The primary source of emissions is from the energy-intensive manufacturing processes of PV modules. The PBT values were found to range from 6.88 to 8.10 years. The ROI values varied between 2.98 and 4.01. Extending the system lifespan from 20 to 30 years results in a 31% decrease in GHG emissions. The regions with higher solar irradiation, such as Surabaya, exhibited superior environmental performance and energy efficiency. This study emphasizes the potential of PV systems in Indonesia to advance sustainability objectives. Besides, the necessity for improved module manufacturing processes and system longevity should be considered.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	lifecycle assessment; photovoltaic systems; monocrystalline silicon; greenhouse gas emissions
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering > Department of Industrial Engineering
Depositing User:	Elieser Tarigan 6199
Date Deposited:	26 Feb 2025 04:13
Last Modified:	26 Feb 2025 04:13
URI:	http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/id/eprint/48075

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