Reaction Study of Phenol Hydroxylation on Al/Fe Pillared and HDTMA Intercalated Bentonite Catalyst

Widi, Restu Kartiko and Budhyantoro, Arief and Savitri, Emma (2013) Reaction Study of Phenol Hydroxylation on Al/Fe Pillared and HDTMA Intercalated Bentonite Catalyst. The 2nd International Conference of the Indonesian Chemical Society (ICICS-2013).

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Abstract

The phenol hydroxylation reaction over Al/Fe Pillared and HDTMA intercalated bentonite has been studied using batch system. The effects of the preparation methods on the catalytic performance of modified bentonite were investigated. Natural bentonite was modified by direct and indirect pillarisation. In direct method, Al and Fe ions were used as pillaring agent to produce a bigger clay pore size. In indirect method, the first step was intercalation process to insert organic surfactant molecules (HDTMA) inside the clay molecules, and then the next step was pillarisation process using Fe cationic. Pillarisation of natural bentonite and HDTMA-bentonite with Fe metal has been done in various mol Fe solutions. The ratio of bentonite and intercalating agent or pillaring agent was 1 gr/50 ml. The mixture was agitated, and then the solid phase was washed with distilled water until free of chlorine ion. Then it was dried and calcined at 450 oC for 6 hours in N2 and O2 atmosphere. The modified bentonites were characterized by FT-IR spectrometer. The catalytic reaction was conducted by entering both catalyst and phenol into batch reactor and then the mixture was heated. The reaction was conducted at 70oC for 4 hours. Along reaction (after temperature 70oC reached), solution of H2O2 was added stepwise into reactor during reaction. Molar ratio of phenol to H2O2 is 1 : 1. The weight ratio of catalyst to phenol was 1:10, and concentration of phenol is 1 M. The observed variables were catalyst activity and selectivity. The catalyst activity was observed as phenol conversion, and the selectivity was observed as selectivity of wanted product (hydroquinone). The presence of Fe-pillared bentonite catalyst in the phenol hydroxylation reaction will give effect on increasing catalyst activity. It happens because number of active site and suitable pore size increase so that the amount of phenol, which can be converted into product, will also increase. It gives impact on selectivity of hydroquinone, cathecol, and benzoquinone will also increase. Finally, as conclusion the optimum performance of catalyst is PILB HDTMA 0.1 % Fe 1 mmol in the phenol hydroxylation reaction

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bentonite, pillarisation, intercalation, phenol hydroxylation, hydroquinone
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Engineering > Department of Chemical Engineering
Depositing User:	Restu Kartiko Widi 6178
Date Deposited:	26 Mar 2014 05:39
Last Modified:	06 May 2021 02:12
URI:	http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/id/eprint/8793

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