Vitamin D Deficiency in Elderly Postmenopausal Women: The Role of Sunlight, Diet, and Vitamin D Status

Lorensia, Amelia and Rachmatiani, Putri Aisyah and Jalmav, Marthy Meliana Ariyanti (2026) Vitamin D Deficiency in Elderly Postmenopausal Women: The Role of Sunlight, Diet, and Vitamin D Status. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 21 (4). pp. 1016-1029. ISSN 2355-3596

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Abstract

In Indonesia, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Indonesia was quite high, reaching 35.1–91.7% in the elderly, especially women. Vitamin D is crucial for postmenopausal (elderly) women to maintain bone density, prevent osteoporosis, and reduce the risk of falls due to muscle weakness. The study objective was to determine the influence of sunlight, dietary supplement intake, and physical activity on the risk of Vitamin D deficiency in elderly postmenopausal women. This study used a cross- sectional design and was conducted from October to November 2024 at a nursing home in Surabaya. The respondents were elderly postmenopausal women (>60 years) who lived in a nursing home in Surabaya, with no comorbidities that affect the ability to eat and do physical activities. The sampling technique in the study was purposive sampling. Their correlations were determined using the Spearman correlation test to identify the correlation between sun exposure, diet, and vitamin D status with vitamin D level. The average age of respondents was 63.47±73.25 years in 57 respondents. The average vitamin D level was 19.4667±6.67 ng/mL. Higher sun exposure leads to higher blood vitamin D levels. For dietary, indicating a significant relationship between higher egg and/or vitamin D supplement intake and increased blood vitamin D levels. Most respondents had a high risk of vitamin D deficiency, and vitamin D level insufficien- cy was 29 people (50.88%). There was a significant relationship between sun exposure frequency, egg diet, vitamin D supplements, vitamin D status variables, and vitamin D levels.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	elderly postmenopausal women; sun exposure; diet; 25(OH)D serum; vitamin D
Subjects:	R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions:	Faculty of Pharmacy > Department of Pharmacy
Depositing User:	BAMBANG SEPTIAWAN
Date Deposited:	15 Jul 2026 04:07
Last Modified:	16 Jul 2026 04:13
URI:	http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/id/eprint/50965

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